Qur'anic Arabic Grammar Free

  Section 6.5 – Visible / Invisible Actors   فَصْلٌ ٦. ٥ اَلْفَاعِلُ ظَّاهِرًاوَمُسْتَتِرًا   An actor فَاعِلٌ is of two kinds: Visible/ Present ظَاهِرٌ as in ضَرَبَ زَيْدٌ meaning “Zaid hit” or Visible/Pronoun ضَمِيْرٌ بَارِزٌ as in ضَرَبْتُ meaning “I hit”, or Unseen/Invisible Pronoun ضَمَيْرٌ مُسْتَتِرٌ as in [1] زَيْدٌ ضَرَبَ meaning “Zaid, he hit”. The actor فَاعِلٌ in act ضَرَبَ is the word " هُوَ ” meaning “he” is Unseen/Invisible in ضَرَبَ .   If the actor فَاعِلٌ is a True Feminine Gender مُؤَنَّثٌ حَقِيْقِيٌّ as in قَامَتْ هِنْدٌ meaning “Hind stood up”, or is a Feminine Pronoun ضَمِيْرًا مُؤَنَّثًا , then signs of female gender must be present in the act فِعْلٌ . For example, هِنْدٌ قَامَتْ meaning “Hind , she stood up”, and female Pronoun هِيَ is hidden in قَامَتْ .

  Section 6.8 – Incomplete Verbs فَصْلٌ ٦. ٨ – أَفْعَالُ النَّاقِصَةِ   There are seventeen types of Incomplete Verb s أَفْعَالُ النَّاقِصَةِ :   Table 13 – Incomplete Verbs 1 كَانَ He was 2 صَارَ To become 3 ظَلَّ To be or to become in the daytime 4 بَاتَ To be or to become in the n ighttime 5 أَصْبَحَ To be or to become in the morning time 6 أَضْحَىٰ To be or to become at mid-morning 7 أَمْسَىٰ To be or to become in the evening 8 عَادَ Return 9 آضَ Happened 10 غَدَا To be or Tomorrow 11 رَاحَ To go or to go in the evening 12 مَا زَالَ To keep on, not to cease, to continue 13 مَا انْفَكَّ To keep on or to not discontinue 14 مَا بَرِحَ To continue 15 ...

  Section 6.10 – Praise/Slander Verbs فَصْلٌ ٦ .١٠ – أَفْعَالُ الْمَدْحِ وَالذَّمِّ   Verbs for praise and slander are four:     نِعْمَ and حَبَّذَا meaning good and both are for praise. بِئْسَ and سَآءَ meaning evil/bad, both are for slander.   What comes after the actor فَاعِلٌ is said to be specific to praise or specific to blame and slander. And a condition in its actions is that the actor فَاعِلٌ be Definite Noun with letters ( ا ) and ( ل ), مَعْرِفَةٌ بِاللَّامِ as in the sentence زَيْدٌ الرَّجُلُ نِعْمَ meaning “Zaid is a good man”. Or when it is a Possessed مُضَافٌ part of the Possessive Compound مُرَكَّبُ الْإِضَافِيْ towards a مَعْرِفَةٌ بِاللَّامِ , as in نِعْمَ صَاحِبُ الْقَوْمِ زَيْدٌ meaning “Zaid belonging to the tribe is a good man”.  

  Section 6.12 – Active Nouns   فَصْلٌ ٦. ١٢ – أَسْمَاءُ الْعَامِلَةِ     Active Nouns are of eleven types:   Active Noun 1 : Noun: Conditional Nouns with the meaning of condition “ إِنْ ”: and these are nine. They give Jussive status جَزَمٌ to the Imperfect Tense اَلْمُضَارِعُ . See the following Table:   Table 14 – Conditional Nouns Conditional Noun Meaning Example Example Meaning مَنْ   condition only If مَنْ تَضْرِبْ أَضْرِبْ If you hit, I will hit مَا   condition only Whatever مَا تَفْعَلْ أَفْعَلْ Whatever you do, I will do أَينَ adverb of place Where أَيْنَ تَجْلِسْ أَجْلِسْ Where you sit, I will sit مَتَىٰ adverb of time When مَتَىٰ تَقُمْ أَقُمْ When you stand up, I will stand up أَيُّ condition only Whichever أَيُّ شَيءٍ تَأَكُلْ ...

  Implied Active Elements are of two kinds:   1) The beginning of a sentence is empty of active Noun on implied active elements اَلْعَوَامِلُ الْمَعْنَوِيَّةُ and it gives Nominative رَفْعٌ status to both Subject اَلْمُبْتَدَأُ and the Predicate اَلْخَبَرُ . For example, زَيْدٌ قَائِمٌ meaning “Zaid is standing”. So, the Subject زَيْدٌ is Nominative رَفْعٌ because of the beginning and قَائِمٌ which is Predicate for it is Nominative رَفْعٌ due to the Subject which is Nominative رَفْعٌ because of the beginning.   There are two more schools of thought:   – that the beginning اَلْاِبْتِدَأُ is acting on the Subject اَلْمُبْتَدَأُ and اَلْمُبْتَدَأُ is active on the Predicate اَلْخَبَرُ .   – that each one in both the Subject اَلْمُبْتَدَأٌ and Predicate اَلْخَبَرُ is active on the other.

  This chapter includes three sections covering several subjects that are important to know:   Section 8 . 1 – Dependency Attributes   فَصْلٌ ٨ . ١ – تَوَابِعُ   A dependent word اَلتَّابِعُ is a word that occurs after another word and it is given status or flexibility إِعْرَابٌ of the first word. The first word is called independent اَلْمَتْبُوْعُ . The second word is called Dependent اَلتَّابِعُ .   The rule of the Dependent word is that it follows the independent word in flexibility إِعْرَابٌ .   Dependent words اَلتَّوَابِعُ are of five kinds :