9/12.9 - Form VIII - اِنْفِعَالًا in-fi-'aa-lan
Section 12.9 - Form VIII. اِنْفِعَالًا in-fi-aa-lan
Form VII is called اِنْفِعَالًا(in-fi-‘aal-an). Past tense of this form is اِنْفَعَلَ (in-fi-‘a-la) and imperfect tense is يَنْفَعِلُ (yan-fa-‘i-lu) and its source (Masdar) is اِنْفِعَالًا in-fi-‘aa-lan. The benefit of this form is that it also changes the meaning of the Verb from transitive Verb فِعلُ الْمُتَعَدِّىْ(feil-ul mu-ta-ad-di) to a فِعْلُ اللَّاَزِمِ feil-ul laazim (intransitive). For example, كَسَرَ ka-sa-ra to اِنْكَسَرَ in-ka-sa-ra. كَسَرَ ka-sa-ra means to break. When changed to اِنْكَسَرَ in-ka-sa-ra, it means to be broken.
The inflections for this are shown in the table below:
Table 87 – Form VIII Past tense اِنْفَعَلَ (in-fa’-a-la) Inflections
|
|
|
| Single
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
| |
| Absent 3rd person | Male | 1 | اِنْفَعَلَ
In-fa- ‘ala | 2 | اِنْفَعَلَا
In-fa- ‘alaa | 3 | اِنْفَعَلُوْا
In-fa- ‘aloo | |
| Female | 4 | اِنْفَعَلَتْ
In-fa- ‘alat | 5 | اِنْفَعَلَتَا
In-fa- ‘al-ta | 6 | اِنْفَعَلَ In-fa- ‘al-na | ||
| Present 2nd person | Male | 7 | اِنْفَعَلْتَ
In-fa- ‘al-ta | 8 | اِنْفَعَلْتُمَا
In-fa- ‘al-tu- maa | 9 | اِنْفَعَلْتُمْ
In-fa- ‘al-tum | |
| female | 10 | اِنْفَعَلْتِ
In-fa- ‘al-ti | 11 | اِنْفَعَلْتُمَا
In-fa- ‘al-tu- maa | 12 | اِنْفَعَلْتُنَّ
In-fa-al- ‘tun-na | ||
| Speaker 1st person | Male/ female | 13 | اِنْفَعَلْتُ
In-fa- ‘al-tu | 14 | اِنْفَعَلْنَا
In-fa-‘al-naa | |||
Table 88 – Form VIII Imperfect Tense يَنْفَعِلُ (yan-fa’-ee-lu) Inflections
| | Gender
| | Single
|
| Dual
|
| Plural
|
| Absent 3rd person | Male | 1 | يَنْفَعِلُ
Yan-fa- ‘ilu | 6 | يَنْفَعِلُانِ
yan-fa- ‘ilaa-ni | 10 | يَنْفَعِلُوْنَ
Yan-fa- ‘iloona |
| Female | 2 | تَنْفَعِلُ
Tan-fa- ‘ilu | 7 | تَنْفَعِلُانِ
Tan-fa- ‘ilaa-ni | 11 | يَنْفَعِلُنَ
Yan-fa- ‘ilna | |
| Present 2nd person | Male | 3 | تَنْفَعِلُ
Tan-fa- ‘ilu | 8 | تَنْفَعِلُانِ
Tan-fa- ‘ilaani | 12 | تَنْفَعِلْوْنَ
Tan-fa- -‘iloona |
| female | 14 | تَنْفَعِلُينَ
Tan-fa- ‘ileena | 9 | تَنْفَعِلُانِ
Tan-fa- ‘ilaani | 13 | تَنْفَعِلُنَ
Tan-fa- ‘ilna | |
| Speaker 1st person | Male/ female | 4 | اَنْفَعِلُ
An-fa- ‘ilu | 5 | نَنْفَعِلُ
Nan-fa-‘ilu | ||
Table 89 - Form VIII اِنْفَعَلَ/ يَنْفَعِلُ/اِنْفِعَالًا in-fa-‘a-la/yan-fa-‘i-lu/in-fi-‘aa-lan Examples
| Qur’anic Example | four alphabet form VII past/imperfect/Infinitive and Infinitive meaning | three alphabet Form I past/ imperfect/ Infinitive and Infinitive meaning | three alphabet root with form |
| Al-Inshiqaaq - Verse 9
وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا
And return to his people in happiness |
اِنْقَلَبَ/ يَنْقَلِبُ/ اِنْقِلَابًا In-qa-la-ba/yan-qa-li-bu/in-qi-laa-ban to be overturned / upset / turned around | قَلَبَ/ يَقْلِبُ/ قَلْبًا, قُلُوْبًا Qa-la-ba/yaq-li-bu/qal-ban, qu-loo-ban
to turn around / overthrow / reverse / overturn | ق ل ب ض |
| Al-Kahf - Verse 71
فَانطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَكِبَا فِي السَّفِينَةِ خَرَقَهَا ۖ
So, they set out, until when they had embarked on the ship, al-Khidr tore it open | اِنْطَلَقَ/ يَنْطَلِقُ/ اِنْطِلَاقًا
in-ta-la-qa/yan-ta-li-qu/in-ti-laa-qan to depart/take off/set free/discharge/ move forward on track | طَلُقَ/ يَطْلُقُ/ طَلَاقًا Ta-la-qa/yat-lu-qu/ta-laa-qan
to be cheerful / happy / be divorced | ط ل ق ك،ن |
| --- | اِنْكَسَرَ/ يَنْكَسِرُ/ اِنْكِسَارًا In-ka-sa-ra/yan-ka-si-ru/in-ki-saa-ran
to be broken
| كَسَرَ/ يَكْسِرُ/كَسْرًا Ka-sa-ra/yak-si-ru/kas-ran to break | ك س ر ض |
| Ash-Shams - Verse 12
إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَاهَا
When the most wretched of them was sent forth. | اِنْبَعَثَ/ يَنْبَعِثُ/ اِنْبِعَاثًا Im-ba-‘a-tha/yam-ba’-i-thu/im-bi-‘aa-than
to be delegated / dispatched / sent / provoked | بَعَثَ/ يَبْعَثُ/ بَعْثًا ، بِعْثَةً
Ba-‘a-tha/yab-‘a-thu/ba’-than, bi’-tha-tan to raise/raise up/resurrect/revive/ appoint/ send | ب ع ث ف |
| At-Takwir - Verse 2 وَإِذَا النُّجُومُ انكَدَرَتْ And when the stars fall, dispersing | اِنْكَدَرَ/ يَنْكَدِرُ/ اِنْكِدَارًا In-ka-da-ra/yan-ka-di-ru/in-ki-daa-ran
to become dispersed / scattered / dull | كَدُرَ/ يَكْدُرُ/ كَدْرًا ، كَدَارَةًا
Ka-du-ra/yaj-du-ru/ka-daa-ra-tan
to be turbid / dreary / faded / polluted | ك د ر ك،س |
| Al-Baqara - Verse 60
فَقُلْنَا اضْرِب بِّعَصَاكَ الْحَجَرَ ۖ فَانفَجَرَتْ مِنْهُ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا
So, We said, "Strike with your staff the stone." And there gushed forth from it twelve springs | اِنفَجَرَ/ يَنْفَجِرُ/ اِنفِجَارًا
In-faja-ra/yan-fa-ji-ru/in-fi-jaa-ran to explode / burst | فَجَرَ/ يَفْجُرُ/ فُجُوْرًا Fa-ja-ra/yaf-ju-ru/fu-joo-ran
to open/cut/ cleve/break up/tear open/act immorally/deviate | ف ج ر ن |
| Al-Infitaar - Verse 1 إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انفَطَرَتْ
When the sky breaks apart | اِنْفَطَرَ/ ينفطِر/ اِنفِطَارًا
In-fa-ta-ra/yan-fa-ti-ru/in-fi-taa-ran to split up/break into pieces/rent asunder/cleave | فَطَرَ/ يَفْطُرُ/ فُطُوْرًا Fa-ta-ra/yaf-tu-ru/fu-too-ran
to create/ originate/ initiate//split/cleave/tear lengthwise | ف ط ر ن |
| Al-Inshiqaaq - Verse 1 إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انشَقَّتْ When the sky has split [open] | اِنشَقَّ/ يَنْشَقُّ/ اِنشِقَاقًا
In-shq-qa/yan-shaq-qu/in-shi-qaa-qan to be split apart / cracked / cleft asunder | شَقَّ/ يَشُقُّ/ شَقًّا ، مُشَقَّةً Shaq-qa/ya-shuq-qu/shaq-qan, mu-shaq-qa-tan
to split apart/crack/cleave/tear/be hard/burdensome | ش ق ق ن |
| Yaseen - Verse 69
وَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنبَغِي لَهُ
And We did not give him Prophet Muhammad knowledge of poetry, nor is it befitting for him | اِنْبَغٰى/ يَنْبَغِيْ/ اِنبَغَاءً Im-ba-ghaa/yam-ba-ghee/im-baghaa-an to be appropriate / suitable / necessary | بَغَىَ/ يبَغِيْ/ بَغَيًا ، بُغَاءً
Ba-gha/yab-ghi/bag-yan, bu-ghaa-an to seek/desire to attain//to wrong/envy/oppress/trans-gress | ب غ ي ض،ف |
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