Darsi Tafseer Nabaa-Infitaar: 2.1 - Surah Nabaa part 1
سُوْرَةُ النَّبَإِ (The Tidings)
This is a Makki Surah, and it has two rukoo’s, 40 verses, 173 words, and 970 alphabets
عَمَّ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ (١)عَنِ ٱلنَّبَإِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ (٢) ٱلَّذِي هُمْ فِيهِ مُخْتَلِفُونَ (٣) كَلَّا سَيَعْلَمُونَ (٤) ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَيَعْلَمُونَ (٥) اَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْاَرْضَ مِھٰدًا (٦) وَّالْجِبَالَ اَوْتَادًا (۷) وَّخَلَقْنٰکُمْ اَزْوَاجًا (۸) وَجَعَلْنا وَّ جَعَلْنَا نَوْمَکُمْ سُبَاتًا (۹) وَّجَعَلْنَا اللَّیْلَ لِبَاسًا (۱۰) وَّجَعَلْنَا النَّھاَرَ مَعَاشًا (۱۱) وَّ بَنَـیْنَا فَوْقَکُمْ سَبْعًا شِدَادًا (۱۲) وَّجَعَلْنَا سِرَاجًا وَّھَّاجًا (۱۳) وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ ٱلْمُعْصِرَٰتِ مَآءً ثَجَّاجًا (١٤) لِّنُخْرِجَ بِهِ حَبًّا وَنَبَاتًا (١٥) وَجَنَّٰتٍ أَلْفَافًا (١٦) إِنَّ يَوْمَ ٱلْفَصْلِ كَانَ مِيقَٰتًا (١٧) يَوْمَ يُنفَخُ فِيْ ٱلصُّورِ فَتَأْتُونَ أَفْوَاجًا (١٨) وَفُتِحَتِ ٱلسَّمَآءُ فَكَانَتْ أَبْوَٰبًا (١٩) وَسُيِّرَتِ ٱلْجِبَالُ فَكَانَتْ سَرَابًا (٢٠) إِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ كَانَتْ مِرْصَادًا (٢١) لِّلطَّٰغِينَ مَـَٔابًا (٢٢) لَّٰبِثِينَ فِيهَآ أَحْقَابًا (٢٣) لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا بَرْدًا وَلَا شَرَابًا (٢٤) إِلَّا حَمِيمًا وَغَسَّاقًا (٢٥) جَزَآءً وِفَاقًا (٢٦) إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ لَا يَرْجُونَ حِسَابًا (٢٧) وَكَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا كِذَّابًا (٢٨) وَكُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَحْصَيْنَٰهُ كِتَٰبًا (٢٩) فَذُوْقُوْا فَلَن نَّزِيدَكُمْ إِلَّا عَذَابًا (٣٠) إِنَّ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ مَفَازًا (٣١) حَدَآئِقَ وَأَعْنٰبًا (٣٢) وَكَوَاعِبَ أَتْرَابًا (٣٣) وَكَأْسًا دِهَاقًا (٣٤) لَا يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْوًا وَلَا كِذَّٰبًا (٣٥) جَزَآءً مِّن رَّبِّكَ عَطَآءً حِسَابًا (٣٦) رَّبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِنْهُ خِطَابًا (٣٧) يَوْمَ يَقُومُ ٱلرُّوحُ وَٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ صَفًّا لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ وَقَالَ صَوَابًا (٣٨) ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْيَوْمُ ٱلْحَقُّ فَمَن شَآءَ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ مَـَٔابًا (٣٩) إِنَّآ أَنذَرْنَٰكُمْ عَذَابًا قَرِيبًا. يَوْمَ يَنظُرُ ٱلْمَرْءُ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ وَيَقُولُ ٱلْكَافِرُ يَٰلَيْتَنِيْ كُنتُ تُرَٰبًۢا. (٤٠)
The name of this Surah is Surah An-Naba’ and also Surah At-Tasa’ul. The appropriateness is evident in that these words, An-Naba’ and At-Tasa’ul, are mentioned right in the beginning.
Relationships
In the previous Surah "Al-Mursalaat," the probability of the Hour and its occurrence and reward/punishment has been mentioned. This Surah An-Naba’ provides the details on these subjects.
Circumstance of Revelation
(شَانُ النُّزُوْلِ)
When Prophet (PBUH) received the prophethood and informed the people of Mecca about the Day of Judgement, the reward and punishment of their actions, the non-believers and polytheists were astonished. So they used to ask the Prophet (PBUH), other believers, and each other, wondering about the Day of Judgement, reward, punishment, and life after death, which they thought was unlikely because they started refusing to believe and making jokes about it. For this reason, this Surah mentions in detail the possibility and more profound knowledge about its occurrence, and their misplaced refusal and joking are refuted in many ways. Day of Judgement and the events that come with it are presented and proved with logic.
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بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficient, the Most Merciful
Ayahs 1 Through 5
عَمَّ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ (١) عَنِ ٱلنَّبَإِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ (٢) ٱلَّذِي هُمْ فِيهِ مُخْتَلِفُونَ (٣) كَلَّا سَيَعْلَمُونَ (٤) ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَيَعْلَمُونَ (٥)
(1) What are they asking one another about? (2) About the great news? (3) That over which they are in disagreement. (4) No! They are going to know (5) Then, no! They are going to know.
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ٱلْعَظِيمِ
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ٱلنَّبَإِ
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عَنِ
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يَتَسَآءَلُونَ |
عَمَّ
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|
great |
this news |
about |
they are asking |
about what thing |
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كَلَّا |
مُخْتَلِفُونَ
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فِيهِ |
هُمْ |
ٱلَّذِي |
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Not at all |
are in disagreement
|
in which |
They |
about which |
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سَيَعْلَمُونَ |
ثُمَّ |
كَلَّا |
سَيَعْلَمُونَ
|
|
|
Soon they will know
|
Then
|
Not at all |
Soon they will know |
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Language/Dictionary
عمَّ is a compound of preposition عَنْ and interrogative مَا. The ن of عَنْ was changed to م and combined with م of مَا. Also, to identify interrogative مَا from the مَا of information and, because of frequent use, the alphabet alif was removed. It is also a rule that when a preposition is used on interrogative ما, its alif is also removed. یَتَسَاءَلُوۡنَ is a 3rd person plural imperfect tense from form tafaa-ul (تَفَاعُل., with meaning to ask each other (Mujarrad from form ف). اَلنَّبَاءُ the derivative (مَصْدَرٌ), which means to give news is the predicate (خَبَرٌ). مُخۡتَلِفُوۡنَ is a verbal noun (اِسْمُ الْفَاعِلِ) from form if-ti-aal, (root from form (ن) means to come from behind). کَلَّا is a particle of rejection and scolding (حَرْفُ الرِّدَعِ) in both places.
