8.1 - Active Voice Imperfect Tense Continued

Table 44 – يَفَعِلُ (yaf-i-lu) Inflections

 

			Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	يَفْعِلُ   Yaf-'ilu	6	يَفْعِلَانِ   Yaf-‘ilaa -ni	10	يَفْعِلُوْنَ   Yaf-'iloo- na
	Female	2	تَفْعِلُ   Taf-'ilu	7	تَفْعِلَانِ   Taf-'ilaa -ni	11	يَفْعِلْنَ   Yaf-'il-na
Present 2nd person	Male	3	تَفْعِلُ   Taf-'ilu	8	تَفْعِلَانِ   Taf-'ilaa -ni	12	تَفْعِلْوْنَ   Taf-'i-loo- na
	female	14	تَفْعِلِينَ   Taf-'i-lee' -na	9	تَفْعِلَانِ   Taf- ‘ilaa-ni	13	تَفْعِلْنَ   Taf-'il- na
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	4	أَفْعِلُ   Af-'ilu	5	نَفْعِلُ   Naf-'ilu

 

Table 45 – يَفَعُلُ (yaf-u-lo) Inflections

			Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	يَفْعُلُ   Yaf-'u- lu	6	يَفْعُلَانِ   Yaf- 'ulaa-ni	10	يَفْعُلُوْنَ   Yaf-'uloo-na
	Female	2	تَفْعُلُ   Taf-'ulu	7	تَفْعُلَانِ   Taf- 'ulaa-ni	11	يَفْعُلْنَ   Yaf-'ul-na
Present 2nd person	Male	3	تَفْعُلُ   Taf-'ulu	8	تَفْعُلَانِ   Taf- 'ulaa-ni	12	تَفْعُلْوْنَ   Taf-'uloo- na
	female	14	تَفْعُلِينَ   Taf- 'ulee-na	9	تَفْعُلَانِ   Taf- 'ulaa-ni	13	تَفْعُلْنَ   Taf-'ul-na
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	4	أَفْعُلُ   Af-'ulu	5	نَفْعُلُ   Naf-'ulu

 

As in past tense, there are Verbs in Arabic which use one of these three forms for imperfect tense.

Please note that a past tense which has (عَ) does not necessarily have (عَ) in imperfect tense. It can be from any of the three (عَ،عِ،عُ) forms.

  

Table 46 - Examples of Verbs that use فَعَلَ fa-aa-la die

 

Past tense	Pronunciation	Meaning	Imperfect tense	Pronunciation	Meaning
ذَهَبَ	Za-ha-ba	He went	يَذهَبُ	Yaz-ha-bu	He is going  or will go
خَرَجَ	Kha-ra-ja	He went out	يَخْرُجُ	Ya-kh-ru-ju	He is going out or will  go out
دَخَلَ	Da-kha-la	He entered	يَدْخُلُ	Yad-khu-lu	He is entering or will enter
ضَرَبَ	Za-ra-ba	He hit	يَضْرِبُ	Yad-ri-bu	He is hitting or will hit
جَلَسَ	Ja-la-sa	He sat	يَجْلِسُ	Yaj-li-su	He is sitting or will sit
سَجَدَ	Sa-ja-da	He prostrated	يَسْجُدُ	Yas-ji-doo	He is prostrating or will prostrate
عَقَلَ	'A-qa-la	He Compre- hended	يَعْقِلُ	Ya’-qi-lu	He is comprehend- ing or will comprehend
غَفَلَ	Gha-fa-la	He was not paying attention	يَغْفِلُ	Yagh-fi-lu	He is not or will not pay attention
حَشَرَ	Ha-sha-ra	He was gathered	يَحْشُرُ	Yah-shu-roo	He is gathering or will gather
رَفَعَ	Ra-fa-'a	He was raised	يَرْفَعُ	Yar-fa-'u	He is or will  be raised
عَبَدَ	'A-ba-da	He worshipped	يَعْبُدُ	Ya'-bu-du	He is worshipping or will worship
فَتَحَ	Fa-ta-ha	He opened	يَفْتَحُ	Yaf-ta-hu	He is opening or will open
صَبَرَ	Sa-ba-ra	He was patient	يَصْبِرُ	Yas-bi-ru	He is or will be patient
غَفَرَ	Gha-fa-ra	He forgave	يَغْفِرُ	Yagh-fi-ru	He forgives or will forgive
جَعَلَ	Ja-'a-la	He made	يَجْعَلُ	Yaj-'a-lu	He is making or will make
خَلَقَ	Kha-la-qa	He created	يَخْلُقُ	Yaq-lu-qu	He creates or will create
نَفَعَ	Na-fa-'a	He profited	يَنْفَعُ	Yan-fa-'u	He is profiting or will profit
جَهَدَ	Ja-ha-da	He endeavored	يَجْهَدُ	Yaj-ha-du	He is endeavoring or will endeavor
بَلَغَ	Ba-la-gha	He reached	يَبْلُغُ	Yab-la-ghu	He is reaching or will reach
رَجَعَ	Ra-ja-'a	He went back	يَرْجِعٌ	Yar-ji-'u	He is going back or will go back
نَجَحَ	Na-ja-ha	He succeeded	يَنجَحُ	Yan-ha-ju	He is succeeding or will succeed
رَزَقَ	Ra-za-qa	He gave sustenance	يَرْزُقُ	Yar-zu-qu	He is giving or will give sustenance
نَظَرَ	Na-za-ra	He looked	يَنْظُرُ	Yan-zu-ru	He is looking or will look
نَزَلَ	Na-za-la	He came down	يَنْزِلُ	Yan-zi-lu	He is coming down or will come down
صَدَقَ	Sa-da-qa	He was truthful	يَصْدُقُ	Yas-du-qu	He is or will be truthful
كَذَبَ	Ka-za-ba	He lied	يَكْذِبُ	Yak-zi-bu	He is lying or will lie
شَكَرَ	Sha-ka-ra	He was thankful	يَشْكُرُ	Yash-ku-ru	He is or will be thankful
نَقَصَ	Na-qa-sa	He decreased	يَنْقُصُ	Yan-qu-su	He is decreasing or will decrease
تَرَكَ	Ta-ra-ka	He quit	يَتْرُكُ	Yath-ru-ku	He is quitting or will quit

Table 47- Examples of Imperfect Verbs that use فَعِلَ fa-ila die

 

Past tense	Pronunciation	Meaning	Imperfect tense	Pronunciation	Meaning
قَدِمَ	Qa-di-ma	He brought	يَقْدِمُ	Yaq-di -mu	He brings  or will  bring
ضَحِكَ	da-hi-ka	He laughed	يَضْحِكُ	Yad-hi -kou	He is laughing or will laugh
عَلِمَ	'a-li-ma	He knew	يَعلَمُ	Ya'-la -mu	He knows or will know
عَمِلَ	'a-mi-la	He acted	يَعْمَلُ	Ya'-ma -lou	He is acting  or will act
فَرِحَ	Fa-ri-ha	He was happy	يَفْرَحُ	Yaf-ra-hou	He is or will  be happy
سَمِعَ	Sa-mi-'a	He listened	يَسْمَعُ	Yas-ma -'u	He is listening or will listen
حَمِدَ	Ha-mi-da	He praised	يَحمَدُ	Yah-ma-dou	He is praising or Will praise
حَسِبَ	Ha-si-ba	He assumed	يحْسِبُ	Yah-si -bou	He is  assuming or will assume
شَرِبَ	Sha-ri-ba	He drank	يَشرَبُ	Yash-ra-bou	He is drinking or will drink
حَفِظَ	Ha-fi-za	He memorized	يَحفَظُ	Yah-fa -zou	He is memorizing or will memorize
رَحِمَ	Ra-hi-ma	He was merciful	يَرْحَمُ	Yar-ha -mu	He is merciful or will be merciful
رَكِبَ	Ra-ki-ba	He was riding	يَرْكَبُ	Yar-ka -bou	He is riding or Will ride
شَهِدَ	Sha-hi-da	He witnessed	يشْهَدُ	Yash-ha-dou	He is witnessing Or will witness
قَبِلَ	Qa-bi-la	He accepted	يَقْبَلُ	Yaq-ba -lou	He is  accepting or will accept
مَرِضَ	Ma-ri-da	He was ill	يَمْرَضُ	Yam-ra -dou	He is ill or will be ill

Table 48 - Examples of Imperfect Verbs that use فَعُلَ fa-ula die

 

Past  tense	Pronunciation	Meaning	Imperfect tense	Pronunciation	Meaning
كَرُمَ	Ka-ru-ma	He was generous	يَكْرُمُ	Yak-ru-moo	He is or will  be generous
بَعُدَ	Ba-u-da	He got away	يَبْعُدُ	Yab-u-doo	He has gotten away or will get away
قَرُبَ	Qa-ru-ba	He got near	يَقْرُبُ	Yaq-ru-boo	He is near or will be near
ضَعُفَ	Da-ou-fa	He became weak	يَضْعُفُ	Yad-u-foo	He is  becoming or will  become weak
ثَقُلَ	Tha-qou-la	He became heavy	يَثْقُلُ	Yath-qu-lou	He is  becoming or will  become heavy

 

Sentence Examples:

 

شَرِبُوْا الْمَاءَ الْبَارِدَ sha-ri-bul- maa-albaa-ri-du- They drank cold water

 

نَعْبُدُ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعٰالٰى naa-bu-dul lahasub-haa-nahu wa ta-aa’la - We worship Allah (SWT)

 

ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ zau-fat taa-li-bu – (so) weak are the seekers

 

اللهُ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوْبَ Allaa-hu- yagh-fi-ruddhu-noo-ba - Allah (SWT) forgives sins

 

اللهُ يَعْطِيْنَا رِزْقًا Allaa-hu ya’tee-naariz-qan - Allah (SWT) gives us sustenance

 

 

 

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