Arabic Grammar for Beginners · Lesson 11.3 قَوَاعِدُ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ لِلْمُبْتَدِئِينَ Basics of Irregular Verbs and Nouns This is a fairly complex and advanced part of the Arabic grammar. Only a few basic rules and explanations will be provided so as to help the reader in understanding why Verbs are sometimes different from their root word. The first alphabet in the Arabic alphabet, alif , is a weak alphabet that has two forms, a consonant form or hamzah ء and a vowel form ا (an extended alif ). The vowel form can appear at the middle or the end of words, but never at the beginning. This regular hamzah at the beginning of a word is called the "disconnecting hamzah هَمْزَةُ القَطْعِ ham-za-tul qat-'ee . This is often an original alphabet and it must be pronounced always. The other type of hamzah which lacks the sign ء is called the "connecting hamzah" هَمْزَةُ الوَصْلِ ham-za-tul was-li .