9/13.3 – Derivative 3 Noun of Circumstance اِسْمُ الْظَّرْفِ
Section 13.3 – Derivative 3 Noun of Circumstance اِسْمُ الْظَّرْفِ ismul-zar-fi
This is a derivative that has the meaning of time or place when an act is happening. When, the act has time associated with it, then it is called - Noun for Time اِسْمُ الزَّمَانِ ismuz-za-maa-ni, and if the act is associated with a place where the act is happening then it is called Noun for Place اِسْمُ الْمَكَانِ ismul-ma-kaa-ni.
Usually, these Nouns are on a scale of مَفْعَلٌ maf-a-lun but there are some which use the scale of مَفْعِلٌ. Maf-i-lun. The plural is always with the scale of مَفَاعِلُ ma-fa-i-lun. A few examples are given below.
| Meaning | Noun of Circumstance for Root in column 1 | Root Class I three alphabet |
| مَفْعَلٌ maf-alun Scale | ||
| Place or time of help | مَنْصَرٌ Man-sa-run | ن ص ر |
| Place of writing/office | مَكْتَبٌ Mak-ta-bun | ك ت ب |
| Landscape/scene | مَنْظَرٌ Man-za-run | نَ ظ ر |
| Bed, couch | مَرْقَدٌ Mar-qa-dun | ر ق د |
| Drinking place | مَشْرَبٌ Mash-ra-bun | شَرِبَ |
| Place to stay | مَسْكَنٌ Mas-ka-nun | س ك ن |
| Place of sunrise | مَطْلَعٌ Mat-la-‘un | ط ل ع |
| Place of entry | مُدْخَلٌ Mad-kha-lun | دخ ل |
| Place of killing | مَقْتَلٌ Maq-ta-lun | ق ت ل |
| مَفْعِلٌ maf-’il-un Scale | ||
| Pace of prostration | مَسجِدٌ Mas-ji-dun | س ج د |
| Place or time of attack, punching | مَضْرِبٌ Mad-ri-bun | ض ر ب |
| Place of sunset | مَغْرِبٌ Magh-ri-bun | غ ر ب |
| Place of assembly | مَجْلِسٌ Maj-li-sun | ج ل س |
| Place to live | مَنْزِلٌ Man-zi-lun | ن ز ل |
| Place of return/retreat | مَرجِعٌ Mar-ji’-un | ر ج ع |
In addition, if something is found in large numbers, then the scale مُفَعَلَةُ maf-‘a-la-tun is used, for example مَقبَرَةٌ maq-ba-ra-tun meaning a cemetery where there are many graves.
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