9/12.6 - Form V. تَفَعُّلًا tafa’u-lan

 




Section 12.6 - Form V.
تَفَعُّلًا tafa’u-lan

 

Form 4 is called تَفَعُّلًا (tafa’u-lan).  Past tense of this form is تَفَعَّلَ (ta-fa’-ala) and imperfect tense is يَتَفَعَّلُ (ya-ta-fa’-alu) and its source (Masdar) is تَفَعُّلًا tafa’u-lan. The benefit of this form is that it also changes the meaning of the Verb from normal action to that of an action with effort/preparation for the purpose of getting something for yourself. For example, عَلِمَ a-li-ma to تَعَلَّمَ ta’al-la-ma. عَلِمَ ali-ma means to know. When changed to تَعَلَّمَ, ta-al-la-ma it means to learn.

 

The inflections for this are shown in the table below:

 

Table 78 -Form V Past tense تَفَعَّلَ (ta-fa’-'ala) Inflections


 

 

 

Single

 

 

Dual

 

 

Plural

 

Absent

3rd person

Male

1

تَفَعَّلَ

Tafa’-

‘ala

2

تَفَعَّلَا

Tafa’-

‘alaa

 

3

تَفَعَّلُوْا

Tafa’-

‘aloo

 

Female

4

تَفَعَّلَتْ

Tafa’-

‘alat

 

5

تَفَعَّلَتَا

Tafa’-‘al-

tu-maa

6

تَفَعَّلْنَ

Tafa’-‘al-

na

 

Present

2nd person

Male

7

تَفَعَّلْتَ

Tafa’-

‘alata

 

8

تَفَعَّلْتُمَا

Tafa’-‘al-

tu-maa

9

تَفَعَّلْتُمْ

Tafa’-‘al-

tum

 

female

10

تَفَعَّلْتِ

Tafa’-

‘alti

 

11

تَفَعَّلْتُمَا

Tafa’-‘al-

tu-maa

 

12

تَفَعَّلْتُنَّ

Tafa’-‘al-

tun-na

 

Speaker

1st person

Male/

female

13

تَفَعَّلْتُ

Tafa’-

‘altu

 

14

تَفَعَّلْنَا

Tafa’-‘al-naa

 


Table 79 Form V Imperfect Tense يَتَفَعَّلُ (ya-ta-fa'-'alu) Inflections

 

 

Gender

 

Single

 

 

Dual

 

 

Plural

 

Absent

3rd person

Male

1

يَتَفَعَّلُ

Yata-fa’-

‘ala

6

يَتَفَعَّلَانِ

Yata-fa’-

‘alaa-ni

10

يَتَفَعَّلُوْنَ

Yata-fa’-

‘aloo-na

Female

2

تَتَفَعَّلُ

Ta-ta-fa’-

‘ala

7

تَتَفَعَّلَانِ

tata-fa’-

‘alaa-ni

11

يَتَفَعَّلْنَ

Yata-fa’-

‘Al-na

Present

2nd person

Male

3

تَتَفَعَّلُ

Ta-ta-

fa’-‘ala

8

تَتَفَعَّلَانِ

tata-fa’-

‘alaa-ni

12

تَتَفَعِّلْوْنَ

tata-fa’-

‘aloo-na

female

14

تَتَفَعَّلِينَ

Ta-ta-fa’-

‘alee-na

9

تَتَفَعَّلَانِ

tata-fa’-

‘alaa-ni

13

تَتَفَعَّلْنَ

tata-fa’-

‘al-na

Speaker

1st person

Male/

female

4

اُتَفَعَّلُ

a-ta-fa’-

‘ala

 

5

نُتَفَعَّلُ

Nata-fa’-‘alu


Table 80 - Form V يَتَفَعَّلُ تَفَعَّلَ/ Examples

 

Qur’anic Example

four alphabet Form III word and meaning

three alphabet root word and meaning

three alphabet root with

form

Al-Baqara - Verse 32

قَالُوا سُبْحَانَكَ لَا عِلْمَ لَنَا إِلَّا مَا عَلَّمْتَنَا

They said, "Exalted are You; we have no knowledge except what You have taught us

 

تَعَلَّمَ/ يَتَعَلَّمُ/ تَعَلَّمًا

 

Ta-‘al-lama/ya-ta-‘al-la-mu/ta-‘al-la-man

 

Learnt

 

 

عَلِمَ/يَعْلَمُ/ عِلْمًا

 

‘Ali-ma/ya’-lamu/’il-man

 

know

ع ل م

س

Abasa - Verse 1

عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ

He Prophet frowned and turned away

 

تَوَلَّىٰ/ يَتَوَلَّىٰ/ تَوَلَّا

 

Tawal-laa/yata-wal-laa/ta-wal-law

 

turn away

وَلِيَ/ يلِيْ / وَلِيًا

 

Wa-li-ya/ya-li/wa-li-yan

 

follow/ succeed

و ل ي

ح

As-Saaffaat - Verse 155

أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ

Then will you not be reminded?

تَذَكَّرَ/يَتَذَكَّرُ/ تَذَكُّرًا

 

Ta-zak-ka-ra/ya-ta-zak-ka-ru/ta-zak-ka-ran

 

to receive admonition/ to be reminded

ذَكَرَ/يَذكُرُ/ذِكْرًا

 

Za-ka-ra/yaz-ku-ru/zik-ran

 

To mention/ to remember

ذ ك ر

ن

Al-Mulk -

Verse 29

 

قُلْ هُوَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ آمَنَّا بِهِ وَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا

 

Say, "He is the Most Merciful; we have believed in Him, and upon Him we have relied

 

تَوَكَّلَ/يَتَوَكَّلُ/تَوَكَّلًا

 

Tawak-ka-la/yata-wak-kalu/ta-wak-ka-lan

 

to trust

وَكَلَ/يَوْكِلُ/ وَكْلًا، وُكُوْلًا

 

Wa-ka-la/yaw-ki-lu/wak-lan, wu-koo-lan

 

To entrust

و ك ل

ض

Az-Zumar - Verse 42

 

اللَّهُ يَتَوَفَّى الْأَنفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِهَا

 

Allah takes the souls at the time of their death

تَوَفَّىٰ/يَتَوَفُّ/

تَوْفِيْيَّتَا

 

Ta-waf-fa/ya-ta-waf-fu/taw-fee-ya-ya-tan

 

Take away/ pass away/die

وَفَا/يَفِي/وَفَاةً

 

Wa-faa-ya-fee/wa-faa-tan

 

To fulfill/live up to/to die

و ف ي

ض

Al-Baqara - Verse 256

 

قَد تَّبَيَّنَ الرُّشْدُ مِنَ الْغَيِّ

 

The right course has become clear from the wrong

تَبَيَّنَ/ يَتَبَيَّنُ/ تَبَيُّنًا

 

Ta-baiy-ya-na/yata-baiy-ya-nu/ta-baiy-yu-nan

 

became clear

بَانَ/يَبِيْنُ/بَيَانًا

 

Baa-na/ya-bee-nu/ba-yaa-nan

 

To separate/

Be clear

ب ي ن

ض

Ar-Room - Verse 8

 

أَوَلَمْ يَتَفَكَّرُوا فِي أَنفُسِهِم

 

Do they not contemplate within themselves?

تَفَكَّرَ/ يَتَفَكَّرُ/ تَفَكُّرًا

 

Tafak-kara/yata-fak-ka-ru/ta-fak-ka-ran

 

ponder/

reflect

فَكَرَ/ يَفْكُرُ/ فِكْرًا،أَفْكَارًا

 

Fa-ka-ra/af-ku-ru/fik-ran, af-kaa-ran

 

He considered/reflected

ف ك ر

ن

At-Tur - Verse 31

 

قُلْ تَرَبَّصُوا فَإِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ الْمُتَرَبِّصِينَ

 

Say, "Wait, for indeed I am, with you, among the waiters."

تَرَبَّصَ/ يَتَرَبَّصُ/ تَرَبُّصًا

 

Tarab-basa/yata-rab-ba-su/ta-rab-bu-san

 

await/watch

رَبَصَ/يَرْبُصُ /رَبْصًا

 

Raba-sa/yar-bu-su/rab-san

 

wait/watch/be on the lookout

ر ب ص

ن

Al-Mursalaat - Verse 46

 

كُلُوا وَتَمَتَّعُوا قَلِيلًا

 

[O disbelievers], eat and enjoy yourselves a little

تَمَتَّعَ/ يَتَمَتَّعُ/ تَمَتُّعًا

 

Ta-mat-ta-’a/ya-ta-mat-ta-‘u/ta-mat-tu-‘an

 

To enjoy/supply provisions

مَتَعَ/يَمْتَعُ/ مَتْعًا

 

Ma-ta-’a/yam-ta-‘u/mat-‘an

 

He took away/

carried away

م ت ع

ف

Al-Baqara - Verse 127

 

رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا

 

Our Lord, accept [this] from us

تَقَبَّلَ/ يَتَقَبَّلُ/ تَقَبُّلًا

 

Ta-qab-ba-la/ya-ta-qab-ba-lu/ta-qab-bu-lan

 

Accept /receive/ grant

قَبِلَ/ يَقْبَلُ/ قُبُولًا

 

Qa-bi-la/yaq-ba-lu/qu-boo-lan

 

accept/ receive

ق ب ل

س

Al-A'laa - Verse 14

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن تَزَكَّىٰ

He has certainly succeeded who purifies himself

 

تَزَكَّىٰ/يَتَزَكِّيْ/تَزَكًا

 

Ta-zak-kaaya-ta-zak-ki/ta-zak-ku-an

 

Pure/honest/ righteous

زكَا/يَزْكُوْ/زَكَاءً

 

Zaka-/yaz-ku/za-ka-an

pure/just

ز ك و

ن/س

Aal-e-Imran Verse 103

 

وَاعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا وَلَا تَفَرَّقُوا

 

And hold firmly to the rope of Allah all together and do not become divided

تَفَرَّقَ/يَتَفَرَّقُ/ تَفَرُّقًا

 

Ta-far-ra-qa/ya-ta-far-ra-qu/ta-far-ru-qan

 

To be divided

فَرَقَ/يَفْرَقُ/ فَرقًا،فُرُوْقًا، فُرْقَانًا

 

Fa-ra-qa/yaf-ra-qu/far-qan, fu-roo-qan, fur-qaa-nan

 

differentiate/ separate/ distinguish

ف ر ق

ف/ن

Ash-Shu'araa - Verse 210

 

وَمَا تَنَزَّلَتْ بِهِ الشَّيَاطِينُ

 

And the devils have not brought the revelation down

تَنَزَّلَ/يَتَنَزَّلُ/تَنَزُّلًا

 

Ta-naz-za-la/ya-ta-naz-za-lu/ta-naz-zu-lan

 

descend or come down slowly/gently

نَزَلَ/يَنْزِلُ/نُزُوْلًا

 

Na-za-la/yan-zu-lu/nu-zoo-lan

 

descend/ come down

ن ز ل

ض


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